Since the eruption of Covid-19 Pandemic, Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of SBP has reduced the policy rate in a short span of time reducing the burden of forthcoming interest payments on businesses and households considerably.
The MPC reduced the policy rate by a cumulative 625 basis points from 13.25 percent to 7 percent in a short span of time from mid-March to June 2020. This is one of the largest reduction in the policy rate among the emerging economies during Pandemic. The major factors prompting aggressive reduction in the policy rate was a sharp fall in inflation and continued economic slowdown. During the challenging times, the focus of monetary policy shifted toward supporting growth and employment. Recently, in its meeting held on 21st September 2020, the MPC decided to keep the policy rate unchanged at 7.0 percent. Taking note of the improved outlook for growth and rising inflation, MPC is of the view that current monetary policy stance is appropriate to support the emerging recovery, while keeping inflation expectations well-anchored and maintaining financial stability.
| Period | Policy Stance | Time Span (months) | Cumulative Change in Policy Rate* |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Jan 2000 - 7 Jun 2001 | Tightening | 17 | 300 bps |
| 19 Jul 2001 - 18 Nov 2002 | Easing | 16 | - 650 bps |
| 11 April, 2005 - 13 Nov 2008 | Tightening | 44 | 750 bps |
| 21 Apr 2009 – 25 Nov 2009 | Easing | 7 | -250 bps |
| 2 Aug 2010 - 30 Nov 2010 | Tightening | 4 | 150 bps |
| 1 Aug 2011 - 24 Jun 2013 | Easing | 23 | -500 bps |
| 16 Sep 2013 - 18 Nov 2013 | Tightening | 2 | 100 bps |
| 17 Nov 2014 - 23 May 2016 | Easing | 18 | -375 bps |
| 28 Jan 2018 - 17 Jul 2019 | Tightening | 18 | 750 bps |
| 18 Mar 2020 - 25 Jun 2020 | Easing | 3 | -625 bps |
Source: SBP
* Before 2015 the discount rate (SBP reverse repo/ceiling) rate was used to communicate monetary policy stance
Temporary Economic Refinance Facility (TERF) is a concessionary refinance facility aimed at promoting investment both new and expansion and/or Balancing, Modernization and Replacement (BMR). Financing under the facility is available through banks/DFIs to all sectors across the board except power sector where SBP’s refinance facility for renewable energy projects already exists.
Loan Extension and Restructuring Package of State Bank of Pakistan (Debt Relief Scheme) was announced to facilitate the borrowers in restructuring and deferment of their loans. The Debt Relief Scheme aimed to preserve the solvency of the borrowers and enable them to combat the temporary economic disruptions.
The response to the debt relief scheme has been overwhelmingly positive and all categories of customers including corporate / commercial and retail borrowers benefited from it.
(Amount of principal deferred and loans restructured in PKR Billions)
| Particulars of Approved Applications | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loan Category | No. of Applications Received | No. of Applications Accepted | % of Accepted Applications | Amount Approved |
| Corporate / Commercial | 3,172 | 2,878 | 90.73 | 717.853 |
| SME | 10,835 | 10,406 | 96.04 | 27.632 |
| Consumer Finance | 100,519 | 65,161 | 64.82 | 22.359 |
| Housing Finance | 2,959 | 2,140 | 72.32 | 10.082 |
| Agriculture Financing | 29,954 | 27,216 | 90.86 | 11.574 |
| Microfinancing | 1,736,113 | 1,717,665 | 98.94% | 121.280 |
| Total | 1,883,552 | 1,825,466 | 96.92% | 910.781 |
As of April 16, 2021
Out of 1.883 million applications received, banks, DFIs and MFBs have approved 1.825 million applications (96.92 %) up to April 02, 2021. Since the launch of the scheme, the individual borrowers, especially the customers of microfinance banks, have been the major beneficiaries of the scheme. The restructured and deferred loans include 1.717 million approved applications of customers of microfinance banks involving an amount of Rs 121 billion, which approximately constitutes 50 percent of total net-loan portfolio of MFBs.
Whereas, Rs 717 billion out of total restructured and deferred amount of Rs 910 billion relates to corporate and commercial borrowers; as corporate loan portfolio of the banking industry constitutes 69.9 percent of total loan portfolio of banks, DFIs and MFBs.
During the last fortnight, the performance from the FIs has remained static as the deadline for restructuring scheme has elapsed, which was March 31, 2021.
This time bound Refinance Facility for Combating COVID-19 (RFCC) aims at enhancing the capacity of health sector of the country to deal with health emergency especially in the backdrop of COVID-19. Financing under the facility is available through banks/DFIs for all hospitals/medical centers not only to combat COVID-19 but also to enhance their overall capacities. Manufacturers of masks/protective dresses/testing kits/hospital beds/ventilators and other items to combat COVID-19 can also get advantage of this special financing opportunity.
The Scheme aims to prevent layoff by financing wages and salaries of employees (permanent, contractual, daily wagers as well as outsourced) for six months (April 2020-Sep 2020) for all kind of businesses except for Government entities, public sector enterprises, autonomous bodies and deposit taking financial institutions.
| Category | Wage Bill for 6 months | Loan Limit |
Loan Limit (Max) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Less than or equal to Rs 1,000 million | 100% of actual six months wage bill | Rs 1,000 million |
| B | More than Rs 1,000 million | Rs 1,000 million or 75% of actual six months wage bill, whichever is higher | Rs 2,000 million |
It is the most popular refinance scheme of SBP which has helped to prevent layoff of 1,677,806 employees of 2,683 businesses by November, 2020. Out of these, 382,673 employees are of 1,959 SMEs and small corporates.