| |
| APPENDIX
III
Notifications
issued by the State Bank of Pakistan
under
Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947.
(VII
of 1947) |
|
-
Appendix
III-1
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Appendix
III-2
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Appendix
III-3
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Appendix
III-4
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Appendix
III-5
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Appendix
III-6
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Appendix
III-7
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Appendix
III-8
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Appendix
III-9
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Appendix
III-10
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Appendix
III-11
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Appendix
III-12
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Appendix
III-13
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Appendix
III-14
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Appendix
III-15
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Appendix
III-16
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Appendix
III-17
-
Appendix
III-18
-
Appendix
III-19
-
Appendix
III-20
-
Appendix
III-21
-
Guidelines
for calculation of open positions and establishing position
limits
-
Annexure
-
Reporting
Instructions
|
APPENDIX
III - 1
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 21/48-SB
DATED THE 1ST JULY, 1948 |
Export of jewellery to Acceding States.
In
pursuance of sub-section (2) of Section 8 of the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947, (VII of 1947), the State Bank of Pakistan
is pleased to permit any person to take or send out of the Provinces
of Pakistan precious stones or jewellery to States which have
acceded or accede to Pakistan without limit.
|
APPENDIX
III -
2
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 28/49-SB
DATED THE 14TH MAY, 1949.
|
Import
of gold and silver in transit.
In
pursuance of the Notification of the Government of Pakistan in
the Ministry of Finance No.1(2)-ECS-48 dated the 1st July, 1948
(restricting the bringing or sending into the Provinces of Pakistan
of gold and silver) and in supersession of the Notification of
the State Bank of Pakistan No. F.E. 10/48-SB dated the 1st July,
1948, the State Bank of Pakistan is hereby pleased to give general
permission to the bringing or sending of any such gold or silver
as is specified in the Government notification referred to, by
sea or air into any port in the Provinces of Pakistan, provided
the gold or silver is on through transit to a place outside Pakistan
and is not removed from the carrying ship or aircraft except for
the purpose of transshipment.
|
APPENDIX
III - 3
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 30/49-SB
DATED THE 5TH NOVEMBER, 1949.
|
Import of India Coin.
In
pursuance of the Notification of the Government of Pakistan No.
1(2)-ECS/48 dated the 1st July, 1948, as amended by Notification
of the Government of Pakistan No. 1(14) EF/49 dated the 5th November,
1949, the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to permit any person
to bring into the Provinces or the Capital of the Federation from
any place outside Pakistan any coin which is legal tender in India
not exceeding in all rupees five in value at any one time.
|
APPENDIX
III - 4
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E. 56/53-SB
DATED THE 7TH MAY, 1953
|
In pursuance of sub-section (1) of Section 4 of the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947), and in supersession of the
State Bank of Pakistan Notification No. F.E. 15/48-SB dated the
Ist July, 1948, the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to direct
that the prohibition imposed by that sub-section shall not apply
to the operation on an account expressed in a foreign currency
held in accordance with para 2 of the Government of Pakistan,
Ministry of Finance, Notification No. 3(2)4-EF/52 dated the 14th
June, 1952, by a foreign national who is, or is resident, in any
Province of Pakistan but is not domiciled in Pakistan.
|
| NOTIFICATION
NO.F.E. 57/53-SB
DATED THE 7TH MAY, 1953 |
Payment to the Non-residents.
In
pursuance of sub-section (1) of Section 5 of the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947), and in supersession of the
State Bank of Pakistan Notification No. F.E. 16/48-SB dated the
Ist July, 1948 the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to direct
that the prohibition imposed by clause (a) of that sub-section
shall not apply to the making of a payment to or for the credit
of a person resident outside Pakistan out of funds held in an
account maintained in accordance with the provisions of the Notification
of the State Bank of Pakistan No. F.E. 56/53-SB dated the 7th
May, 1953.
|
APPENDIX
III - 5
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 71/58-SB
DATED THE 22ND MAY, 1958
|
In exercise of the powers conferred upon it by the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 and all other powers in this behalf the State
Bank of Pakistan is pleased to order that the following notifications
of the Reserve Bank of India that is to say Notifications: -
No.
FER A/22/47-RB dated the 8th July, 1947.
No.
FER A/23/47-RB dated the 8th July, 1947.
No.
FER A/24/47-RB dated the 8th July, 1947 and
No.
FER A/36/47-RB dated the 4th November, 1947
shall
hereby be cancelled and be deemed to have been cancelled with
effect from the 1st July, 1948.
|
APPENDIX
III - 6
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 72/59-SB
DATED THE 21ST JANUARY, 1959
|
Export of Jewellery.
In
exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (2) of Section
8 of the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947) and
in supersession of its Notification No.FE/20/48-SB dated the 1st
July, 1948 the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to permit any
person to export out of Pakistan precious stones or jewellery
other than articles made wholly or mainly of gold, to any country
without limit provided the packet containing the precious stones
or jewellery is dispatched in the manner prescribed in the Government
of Pakistan Ministry of Finance Notification No.1(6)-ECS/48 dated
the 1st July, 1948 and No.1(7)-ECS/48 dated the 1st July, 1948.
|
APPENDIX
III - 7
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 73/59-SB
DATED THE 25TH FEBRUARY, 1959
|
In pursuance of the Central Government Notification No.1(8) EF/58
dated the 20th August, 1958 and in supersession of the State Bank
of Pakistan Notification No.F.E.52/52-SB dated the 18th September,
1952 the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to authorise all dealers
for the time being authorised by the State Bank of Pakistan to
under take foreign exchange business, to purchase foreign exchange
for the purpose of the said Notification.
|
APPENDIX
III - 8
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 74/59-SB
DATED THE 25TH FEBRUARY, 1959
|
In pursuance of sub-section 1 of Section 4 of the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947) and in supersession of the
State Bank of Pakistan Notification No.F.E.56/53-SB dated the
7th May, 1953 the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to direct
that the prohibitions imposed by that sub-section shall not apply
to the operation on an account expressed in a foreign currency
held in accordance with para 2 of the Government of Pakistan,
Ministry of Finance Notification S.R.O. No. 1016 (I)/79 dated
the 17th October, 1979, by a foreign national who is,
or is resident, in any Province of Pakistan but is not domiciled
in Pakistan.
|
APPENDIX
III - 9
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E. 1/63-SB
DATED THE 14TH OCTOBER, 1963.
|
In
pursuance of clause (a) of sub-section (1) of Section 20 of the
Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947), and in partial
modification of the State Bank of Pakistan Notification No.F.E.13/48-SB
dated the 1st July, 1948, the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased
to direct that a person, other than a person holding any office
in the service of Pakistan and residing outside Pakistan for the
time being either on duty or on leave, being domiciled in, or
a national of Pakistan, who is for the time being resident outside
Pakistan, shall, unless otherwise authorized or exempted under
the said Act, be treated, for purposes of section 5 of the said
Act, as a person resident outside Pakistan, for so long as he
is so resident.
|
APPENDIX
III - 10
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E.1/92/SB
DATED
THE 30TH JULY, 1992
|
In
exercise of the powers conferred by section 13 of the Foreign
Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (Act No. VII of 1947), and in supersession
of State Bank of Pakistan Notification No. FE.5/91-SB dated the
16th July, 1991 the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased
to give general permission for the doing of the various acts referred
to in the said section in respect of Foreign Exchange Bearer Certificates
issued under the Foreign Exchange Bearer Certificates Rules, 1985,
the U.S. Dollar Bearer Certificates issued under the U.S. Dollar
Bearer Certificates Rules, 1991 and Five Years Foreign Currency
Bearer Certificates issued under the Five Years Foreign Currency
Bearer Certificates Rules, 1992.
|
APPENDIX
III - 11
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E.3/85-SB
DATED THE 15TH AUGUST, 1985.
|
Export
of precious stones & jewellery.
In
pursuance of Sub-Section (2) of Section 8 of the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947), and in supersession of the
State Bank of Pakistan Notification No.F.E.2/64-SB, dated the
2nd May, 1964, the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to permit
with effect on and from the 15th day of August, 1985 any person
to take at any one time out of Pakistan precious stones or jewellery
other than articles made wholly or mainly of gold to the countries
specified in the first column of the schedule appended hereto
to the extent indicated in the corresponding entries in the second
column thereof:
2.
Provided that any person other than a person domiciled in Pakistan
or India who is returning to his/her own country may take with
him/her any precious stones or jewellery brought by him/her into
Pakistan without limit if the same had been declared to the Customs
Authorities on the prescribed form at the time of his/her arrival
in Pakistan and precious stones and jewellery, other than articles
made wholly or mainly of gold purchased in Pakistan upto a further
Rs.10,000/- in value.
SCHEDULE
| I
|
II
|
|
(a)
India.
|
Nil
|
|
(b)
Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Iran.
|
Upto
Rs.1,000.00 in value.
|
|
(c)
Any other country or place not mentioned in (b)
above.
|
Upto
Rs.2,000.00 in value.
|
|
APPENDIX
III - 12
NOTIFICATION NO.FE.4/91-SB
DATED THE 26TH FEBRUARY, 1991 |
In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (2) of section
8 of the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (Act No. VII of
1947) and in supersession of State Bank of Pakistan Notification
No.FE.4/71-SB dated the 9th December, 1971, the State Bank of
Pakistan is pleased to notify that persons taking out of Pakistan
jewellery and precious stones under general permission given by
the State Bank in this behalf shall, before leaving Pakistan,
make a declaration to the Customs Authorities on Form 'CD' appended
to this Notification.
FORM
'CD'
Declaration Form to be completed by Persons Leaving Pakistan
(Prescribed
under Section 8(2) of the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947
vide Notification No.FE.4/91-SB dated 26-2-1991).
I
(Name in block letters)__________________ hereby declare that
at the time of leaving Pakistan, I am in possession of the following
jewellery and precious stones:
|
|
Description
|
Approximate
Value
|
|
1
|
..............................
|
..............................
|
|
2
|
..............................
|
..............................
|
|
3
|
..............................
|
..............................
|
|
4
|
..............................
|
..............................
|
|
Passport
No.
|
..............................
|
|
|
Date
& Place of Issue
|
..............................
|
|
|
Nationality
|
..............................
|
|
|
Address
in Pakistan
|
..............................
|
|
I
declare that the information furnished by me above is correct
and in the event of its being not correct, I hold myself liable
for such action as may be deemed fit under the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947.
|
APPENDIX
III
- 13
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E.4/92-SB
DATED THE 28TH DECEMBER, 1992
|
Export
of Currency Notes.
In
pursuance of Sub-Section (2) of Section 8 of the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 (Act No. VII of 1947) and in supersession
of State Bank of Pakistan Notification No.FE.2/91-SB dated the
26th February, 1991, as amended vide Notification No.FE.2/92-SB
dated the 10th November, 1992, the State Bank of Pakistan
is pleased to permit as follows: -
(1)
Any person may take out from Pakistan to any country other than
India, currency notes of the Government of Pakistan and State
Bank of Pakistan notes not exceeding in all Rs.3,000.00 (Rupees
three thousand only) in value at any one time.
(2)
Any person may take out from Pakistan to India currency notes
of the Government of Pakistan and State Bank of Pakistan notes
not exceeding in all Rs. 500.00 (Rupees five hundred only) in
value at any one time.
(3)
Any person may take out from Pakistan to Afghanistan, notes and
coins which are the currency of Afghanistan without limit.
(4)
Currency which has been brought into Pakistan in the safes of
vessels or aircraft or which has been taken on board a vessel
or aircraft with the permission of the State Bank of Pakistan
may be taken out of Pakistan.
|
APPENDIX
III - 14
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E.5/92-SB
DATED THE 28TH DECEMBER, 1992
|
Import of Currency Notes.
In
pursuance of Government of Pakistan Notification No.F.1 (8)-EF/49
dated the 2nd May, 1949 and in supersession of the State Bank
of Pakistan Notification No.FE.3/92-SB dated the 10th November,
1992, the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to permit any person
to bring into Pakistan : -
(i)
From any place outside Pakistan any foreign currency notes
or bank notes without limit except un-issued notes.
(ii)
Notes legal
tender in Pakistan not exceeding Rs. 500.00 (Rupees five hundred
only) from India and Rs. 3,000.00 (Rupees three thousand only)
from any place other than India, in value in all per person at
any one time.
|
APPENDIX
III -
15
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E.1/94-SB
DATED THE 20TH MARCH, 1994 |
In pursuance of the Government of Pakistan Notification No. 1
(2)-ECS/48, dated the 1st July, 1948, and in supersession
of State Bank of Pakistan Notification No. F. E. 1/89-SB, dated
the 2nd December, 1989, the State Bank of Pakistan
is pleased to permit the import of pure gold which also falls
under Heading No. 71.08 of the First Schedule to the Customs Act,
1969 (IV of 1969) into Pakistan as accompanied baggage from any
place outside Pakistan in accordance with the Import Policy Order
as amended from time to time.
|
APPENDIX
III -
16
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E.2/98-SB
DATED THE 21ST JULY, 1998
|
In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (2) of Section
8 of the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (Act No. VII of
1947), and in supersession of State Bank of Pakistan Notification
No. F.E. 1/91-SB dated the 26th February, 1991, the
State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to permit:-
(a)
Authorized Dealers to send out of Pakistan, cheques, drafts
or bills of exchange which have been acquired by them in the normal
course of their business
and within the terms of their authorization.
(b)
Any person maintaining an account expressed in a foreign
currency, and held under any permission, general or otherwise,
granted by the State Bank of Pakistan to take or send out of Pakistan,
cheques or drafts drawn on such account.
Any
person, other than a person to whom foreign exchange is issued
for travelling purposes only, to send out of Pakistan foreign
exchange issued to him by an Authorized Dealer.
(d) Any person to take out of Pakistan foreign exchange issued to him by
an Authorized Dealer in Pakistan and endorsed on his passport.
(e) Any person not ordinarily resident in Pakistan, to take out of Pakistan
the unspent amount of foreign currency brought by him into Pakistan
provided the period of his continuous stay in Pakistan does not
exceed three months, and
(f) Any person to take out of Pakistan US$ 10,000/- or equivalent thereof
in other foreign currencies.
|
APPENDIX
III - 17
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 1/2000-SB
DATED THE 21ST AUGUST, 2000 |
In exercise of the powers conferred by section 23 (3) of the Foreign
Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947) and in supersession
of the State Bank of Pakistan Notification No. F.E. 3/94-SB, dated
the 12th October, 1994 the State Bank of Pakistan is
pleased to authorise the following Officers of the Exchange Policy
Department of the State Bank of Pakistan to make complaints of
offences punishable under section 23: -
1.
The Director, Exchange Policy Department.
2.
The Additional Director, Exchange Policy Department.
3.
A Joint Director.
4.
A Deputy Director.
5.
An Assistant Director.
6.
A Foreign Exchange Officer.
7.
An Assistant Foreign Exchange Officer.
|
APPENDIX
III - 18
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 2/2000-SB
DATED THE 21ST AUGUST, 2000 |
In pursuance of rule 4 of the Foreign Exchange Rules, 1952 and
in supersession of the State Bank of Pakistan Notifications No.
F.E. 2/72-SB, dated the 30th March, 1972 and No. F.E.
4/72-SB, dated the 5th October, 1972 and No. F.E. 1/93-SB,
dated the 14th January, 1993 and No. F.E. 2/94-SB,
dated the 12th October, 1994 the State Bank of Pakistan
is pleased to notify that all powers vested in the State Bank
under the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947)
shall be exercised and all functions entrusted to the State Bank
under the said Act shall be performed in the name of the State
Bank by the following Officers of the Exchange Policy Department
of the State Bank, namely: -
1.
The Director, Exchange Policy Department.
2.
The Additional Director, Exchange Policy Department.
3.
A Joint Director.
4.
A Deputy Director.
5.
An Assistant Director.
6.
A Foreign Exchange Officer.
7.
An Assistant Foreign Exchange Officer.
|
APPENDIX
III – 19
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E.1/2001-SB
DATED THE 15TH AUGUST,2001 |
In exercise of the powers conferred by section 23 (3) of the Foreign
Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947), and in supersession
of the State Bank of Pakistan’s Notification No.F.E.1/2000-SB
dated 21st August,2000, State Bank of Pakistan is pleased
to authorize the following Officers of the Exchange Policy Department
of the Bank to make complaints of offences punishable under section
23 of the Act :
1.
The Director.
2.
The Senior Joint Director.
3.
A Joint Director.
4.
A Junior Joint Director.
5.
An Assistant Director.
6.
A Foreign Exchange Officer
7.
An Assistant Foreign Exchange Officer.
|
APPENDIX
III – 20
NOTIFICATION NO.F.E.2/2001-SB
DATED THE 15TH AUGUST,2001 |
In pursuance of Rule 4 of the Foreign Exchange
Rules, 1952 and in supersession of the State Bank of Pakistan’s
Notification Nos.F.E.2/72-SB dated 30th March, 1972
and No.F.E.4/72-SB dated 5th October,1972 and No.F.E.1/93-SB
dated 14th January,1993 and No.F.E.2/94-SB dated the
12th October,1994 and No.F.E.2/2000-SB dated 21st
August,2000, State Bank of Pakistan is pleased to notify that
all powers vested in the State Bank under the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act,1947 (VII of 1947), shall be exercised and all
functions entrusted to the State Bank under the said Act shall
be performed in the name of the State Bank by the following Officers
of the Exchange Policy Department of the State Bank, namely :-
1.
The Director.
2.
The Senior Joint Director.
3.
A Joint Director.
4.
A Junior Joint Director.
5.
An Assistant Director.
6.
A Foreign Exchange Officer
7.
An Assistant Foreign Exchange Officer.
|
|
APPENDIX
III - 21
NOTIFICATION NO. F.E. 3/2001-SB
DATED THE 28TH SEPTEMBER, 2001 |
In pursuance of rule 3 of Foreign Exchange Rules, 1952 and all
other powers enabling it in this behalf under the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947 (VII of 1947) and in supersession of the
Notification No. F.E. 1/98-SB dated 8th June 1998,
as amended from time to time, the State Bank of Pakistan is pleased
to notify as follows: -
1.
A declaration required to be submitted under sub-section
(I) of Section 12 of
the F.E.R. Act, 1947 (VII of 1947) shall be submitted by
the exporter:
(a)
When goods are exported otherwise than by post, to Collector
of Customs;
(b)
When goods are exported by post, to the Post Master of the
Post Office at which the goods are posted for export.
2. An amount
representing the full export value of the goods shall be paid on
the due date for payment as per terms of Sale Contract or within
six months from the date of shipment or posting, as the case may
be, whichever is earlier.
3. An amount
representing the full export value of the goods exported to any
country shall be paid through an Authorized Dealer in Pakistan either
in U.S. Dollar or in any convertible foreign currency in which an
Authorized Dealer maintains accounts or in Pakistan rupees from
a non-resident bank account.
|
Guidelines
for calculation of
open positions and establishing position limits |
It
has been decided to revise, with effect from end-September, 1998,
the method of calculating the open position and establishing position
limits. The per currency and the overall position limit will be
fixed at ten per cent of the capital base in Pakistan of each
Authorized Dealer.
The
open position must first be measured separately for each foreign
currency in which the bank is performing transactions or has assets
or liabilities. The open position in a single currency is the
sum of (a) the spot position and (b) the off-balance sheet position.
Details of its calculation are provided in the Annexure. The net
position in each currency is calculated by adding together the
net spot position and net off-balance sheet position for each
currency separately. For example, a spot deposit liability (FCA
account) matched by an SBP forward contract (an off-balance sheet
asset) would translate to a zero net open foreign exchange position.
Once
the exposure has been determined in each individual currency,
the second step is to measure the bank’s overall exposure to foreign
exchange risk.
·
Conversion of the net position in each currency into the
equivalent amount
of domestic currency by using spot exchange rates;
·
aggregation of the domestic currency equivalent values
of all foreign currency short positions and of all foreign currency
long positions;
·
comparison of the two totals, and selection of the greater
of the two, which is defined as the overall exposure of the bank.
An
example of how this method can be applied is provided in the Annexure.
Reporting
requirements.
The
banks should report their single currency and overall positions
by filling out a specific form. Daily reporting of the major elements
in banks’ balance sheets should be made in the forms contained
in Annexure.
ANNEXURE
FOREIGN
CURRENCY EXPOSURE REGULATION, MONITORING AND
REPORTING FOR COMMERCIAL BANKS
This
annexure provides a framework for foreign currency exposure regulation,
monitoring and reporting for commercial banks. It contains the
following sections:
·
regulations for the exposure limits that commercial banks
have to observe,a sample calculation of exposure.
A.
Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure
1.
Single currency exposure.
a.
Limit to the foreign exchange risk exposure on any single
currency (foreign or local)
Each
depository shall maintain its foreign exchange risk position as
at close of business each day in any single currency within 10
percent of its capital.
In
addition, any depository institution shall maintain its intraday
foreign exchange risk position in any single currency within prudent
boundaries.
b.
For the purpose of this regulation, the foreign exchange
risk position of a commercial bank in a given single currency
shall mean the domestic currency equivalent amount, at the currently
prevailing spot buying foreign exchange rate, of the foreign currency
amount in connection with which the bank will be subject to a
gain or loss if there is a variation in the exchange rate of that
currency.
2.
Overall currency exposure.
a.
Limit to the overall foreign exchange risk exposure.
The
overall foreign exchange risk position as at close of business
each day of any commercial bank shall not exceed (10) percent
of the capital of the bank.
In
addition, each depository institution shall maintain its intraday
overall foreign exchange risk position within prudent boundaries.
b.
The overall foreign exchange risk exposure is the sum of
the equivalent amount in domestic currency of all net short or
long positions (whichever is greater) in currencies in which the
commercial bank has positions.
c.
In calculating, foreign currency exposure in each single
currency is defined as the domestic currency equivalent sum, currency
by currency, of all foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities.
No foreign currency-denominated assets or liabilities can be deleted,
unless it has been explicitly agreed with the supervisory authorities
not to include that item (structural positions). Furthermore,
the calculation shall include also the net forward (off-balance
sheet) position in each currency.
3. Definitions
of spot position and off-balance sheet (forward) position.
The
spot position in a currency is the difference between assets and
liabilities denominated in that currency, as they appear in the
balance sheet. In particular, this includes accrued income and
expenses: interest on loans and interbank borrowing and other
income earned but not yet received, and interest due to depositors,
and interbank providers of funds and administrative expenses not
yet paid, as they appear in the relevant accounts of a bank applying
the accrual principle.
According to this principle, unearned future interest and expenses
should not be included in the position, since they are not yet
recorded in the books. For instance, a bank borrows in foreign
currency on the interbank market for one year, with all interest
payable at the end. The principal amount is of course included
in the position as soon as it is received. The appropriate amount
of accrued interest is booked at the end of each month in the
account tracing interest due but not yet paid. Therefore, interest
is included in the position in monthly tranches.
However,
since banks should know exactly how much interest they will have
to pay at the end of the year, some banks find it more prudent
to hedge the total amount of interest immediately. To hedge these
interest payments without creating an artificial position, they
need to include this interest in the position, even before it
has been booked. Such a procedure, based on a prudent approach,
should be considered as acceptable, provided that it is fully
documented and applied by the bank in a consistent way.
Structural
positions, like long-term participation in the capital of other
banks and enterprises, are usually also deducted from the spot
position.
Off-balance
sheet items include all foreign currency-denominated assets and
liabilities not included in the balance sheet. These transactions
are recorded in the off-balance sheet section of the bank’s books.
Among these, forward transactions are typically the most common.
The forward position includes all amounts to be received less
all amounts to be paid at a future value date as a result of foreign
exchange transactions which have already taken place.
Off-balance
sheet items include:
Spot
foreign exchange transactions which have not yet been settled.
When the day’s deal is done, banks must record the amount to be
received of the bought currency and the amount of the sold currency
to be delivered in specific off-balance sheet accounts. When the
deal is actually settled (usually two working days later), the
off-balance sheet accounts are purged and the relevant accounts
of the balance sheet incremented.
Forward
foreign exchange transactions. A procedure identical to the one
for outstanding spot transactions should be used, with the difference
that the delay between transaction and settlement dates will be
longer. However, following the recommendation of the Basle Committee
and in order to clearly separate the interest rate risk from the
foreign exchange risk, the position should be valued by using
the spot exchange rate rather than the forward rate.
Guarantees
and similar commitments denominated in foreign currencies, but
only if they are certain to be called upon and are likely to be
irrecoverable.
4.
Other principles.
a.
For the purpose of this regulation, the same definition
of “capital” will be used as currently used at the SBP in its
Prudential Regulations.
b.
The following other principles shall be applied:
(1)
No undervaluation shall take place; assets are to be marked
to market.
(2)
Accrued interest is to be included, wherever applicable.
(3)
Balance sheet and off-balance sheet (forwards etc.) exposures
are reported separately but added together to arrive at overall
exposure.
c.
Besides the specific limitations, commercial banks should
be required to set
up an internal system for:
(1) The immediate entry of foreign exchange
operations, the continuous measurement of positions and their results;
The
monitoring of the risks, the implementation of internal limits
and the designation of a high-ranking officer in charge of clearly
defined responsibilities; and
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